Method of making paper



Feb. 15, 1938. w. c. NASH METHOD 0F MAKING PAPER Filed March 14, 1955 1N NM NN Mw l lll Illlll...

um) NN Patented Feb. 15, 1938 UNITED STATES ISATENT OFFICE 2,108,231 METHOD oF MAKING PAPER William C. Nash, Neenah, Wis. Application March 14, 1935, Serial No. 10,990

2 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in a method and means for making paper or board, and refers specifically to a method of applying, during a continuous paper making operation, a liner of fibrous material having predetermined characteristics to a web of fibrous material having different predetermined characteristics.

As described in my United States Letters Patent No. 1,973,722, board or paper having characteristics of heat and sound insulation may be made from kapok fibres. However, as pointed out in said patent, the kapok fibre is very diflicult to beat and felt into paper, the resulting paper being very weak and having little or no tensile or impact strength. By the use of the invention described in said patent, the beating and felting problem is solved and the strength of the resulting paper or board is materially increased by the presence of a relatively thin layer of rag or other reinforcing fibre on one face of the paper or board.

As one feature of my present invention, a reinforcing layer or liner of rag or other like fibres may be applied to the product described in my 25 above mentioned patent, that is, to the opposite face of the web of paper or board whereby the strength of the resulting product is materially increased.

The apparatus of my present invention, although ideally adapted for the application of a fibrous layer or liner to a preformed web of paper, may be used with equal facility to apply a coating material or surface layer of other material to a passing web of paper or board.

Other objects and advantages of my invention will be apparent from the accompanying drawing and following detailed description.

In the drawing, Fig. 1 is a fragmentary diagrammatic view of a portion of a paper making o machine equipped with suitable mechanism for carrying out my invention. y

Fig. 2 is a detailed sectional view of the product of my invention.

Referring in detail a fragmentary portion of a paper making machine such as a Fourdrinier machine altered in accordance with the disclosure in my United' States `Letters Patent No. 1,973,722. vA portion of the machine illustrated in Fig. 1 hereofcomprises an intermediate part of the paper makingV machine. The table portion 2- of said machine may be supported by suitable legs or standards 3' and may carry a series of table rollsI 4 over which the ourdrinierv screen or wire 5 passes.` 5 scribed in my hereinbefore mentioned United to the drawing, I indicates As de- (ol. 92-39) y States Letters Patent, a web is formed upon the screen 5 comprising kapok or like bres and rag or similar reinforcing fibres, the kapok fibres comprising substantially the entire thickness of the resulting web and the rag fibres being present in the form of a relatively thin layer at the lower face of the web. As described in said patent, the layer of rag fibres is utilized as a reinforcing medium for the kapok web inasmuch as pure kapok in felted form has relatively no tensile or impact strength. Hence, the screen 5 is illustrated in Fig. 1 as carrymg a web 6 having characteristics similar to the product of the invention comprising the subject matter of my issued patent.

A frame 1 may be mounted above the path of screen 5 and web 6 as the same passes over the table rolls 4, said frame being secured to the table 2 by means of bolts 8 or the like. It is to be understood, of course, that two such frames are provided, one on each side of the paper making machine and as will be hereinafter more fully described, said frames are adapted to support a screen roll 9 which may comprise a cylindrical screen supported upon suitable circular frame members. The roll 9 extends transversely across the paper making machine and is of a length substantially equal to the width of screen 5 and web 6. The lower surface of the roll 9 may be positioned adjacent screen 5, the proximity of said roll with the screen being adjustable. v

A rod I0 may be slidably positioned in each of y the frames 1, said rods being provided with keys II which cooperate with keyways (not shown) provided in collars I2 positioned upon and secured to each of the frames l, IThe arrangement is such that rods and downwardly but are prevented from rotatingl The upper ends of each .of said rods I0 are provided with threads I3 and a hub I4 of a hand wheel I5 may engage the threads of each of said rods. A coil springI I6 may encircle an intermediate portion of rod I0 and may be confined between the lower surface of hub I4 and the upper surface of collar I2. The lower end of each of the rods Ill may be threadedly engaged with a nut I1. A cross `arm I8 may be rigidly secured at the end of each of the r'ods I0, and grooved wheels I9 may be journalled as at 20 in each end of each of the cross arms I8. The grooved wheels I9 are similar'in I0 may be movable upwardly structural featuresy to the usual sheavewheel. A

pair of rings 2| maybe secured to the inner portion of the roll 9 and may be adapted to register respect to screen 5 may be changed by manipulating the opposite hand wheels I5 upon rods lll.

By so manipulating said wheels, the compression of springs I6 may be changed to raise or lower roll 9. However, by the provision of springs I6, roll 9 is not positively maintained in its adjusted position since the same is free to move upwardly against the impulse of said springs in the event that incompressible material inadvertently passes between the surfaceof the roll and the screen. In other words, roll 9 may be positioned upon what is hereinafter termed as a oating support.

A supporting member I8 may be mounted upon each side of the machine frame, said member being provided with arms I9 and 29. A bolt 2l' may be carried by each arm I9 and 20 at the upper ends of which guide rolls or sheaves 22' may be rotatably positioned. A rim 23' may be carried at the extreme ends of the roll 9, said rim being adapted to ride in the grooves of the guide or sheave wheels 22'. Wheels 22', of course, can be adjusted upwardly or downwardly by means of nuts 24'.

A head box 22 may be positioned above tame 2 and may transversely span the paper making machine. The boxI 22 may be provided with compartments 23, 24 and 25, which are adapted .to contain a quantity of rag pulp or the pulp of any type of reinforcing fibres. If desired, the box 22 may contain a coating material or other substance which is to be applied to the roll 9 as will be hereinafter described.

Box 22 may be connected to header 26 which is adapted to serve as the supply medium for the roll 9, header 26 being connected at its opposite end to a suitable source of supply of such material. The material passed through header 26 may be initially discharged into compartment 23 and when the level of said material in said compartment raises to the height of partition 21, the material flows over said partition into compartment 24. Both compartments 23 and 24 may be provided with pipes 29 and 29 respectively which are adapted to conduct water or other fluid into the compartments for the purpose of dilution and agitation of the materials in said compartments. When the material within compartment 24 rises above the level ofl partition 30, said material flows over said partition into compartment 25 which may be of triangular cross section and may be provided with pipe 3l. Pipe 3l functions in the same manner as pipes 28 and 29 and is adapted to carry liquid under pressure similar to pipes 28 and 29.

O ne wall 32 of compartment 25 is hinged or swingably mounted, as at 33, whereby the angular relationship of said side may be changed. vAn extension 34 may be secured to the outer edge of wall 32 and may extend downwardly toward roll 9. Walls 35 may be carried by the extension 34, the arrangement being such that the material in compartment 25 overflows the end of wall 32 and' passes downwardly over extension 34 between walls 35. A rubber apron 36 may be secured to the lower edge of extension 34 and is adapted to ride over the periphery of roll 9 when the same rotates. It can readily be seen that by the provision of the pivotal mounting of wall 32, extension 36 may be changed in position with respect to c ompartment 25 whenroll 9 is moved upwardly or downwardly.

In carrying out my invention, an aqueous pulp of rag or similar fibre may be introduced intobox 22 through pipe 26. Said pulp may be passed through compartments 23, 24 and 25, being diluted and agitated by the showers 28, 29 and 3|.

Eventually the pulp passes over the end of wall 32 and is deposited upon the screen surface of roll 9. The aqueous carrier of the pulp may pass through the screen and may be caught by vat or savall 31 from whence it may be either removed from the system or returned to the Weir as make up water, or it can be discharged into the return water on the paper making machine. A web 38 of inter-matted fibres may thus be formed upon the surface of the screen and the same may be joined under the pressure of roll 9 to web 6 carried upon screen .5. The two webs thus brought into contact adhere to each other and web 38 being materially thinner than web 6 is stripped from the screen surface of roll 9.

Both webs 6 and 38 comprising composite web 39 at this period possess a relatively high aqueous content and consequently the fibres of both are in somewhat of a distended condition. Hence, upon further removal of the aqueous carrier from both Webs by suction and pressing, the webs are combined. or amalgamated as a unitary or integral structure.

The resulting composite web 39, originally comprising a relatively thin Iliner 40 of rag or other reinforcing fibre and a relatively great thickness 4I, is now augmented by a second relatively thin liner 42 whereby a paper or board is provided which partakes principally of the characteristics of the kapok 4I supplemented by the strength-giving properties of the liners 40 and 42..

- It is to be understood, of course, that the concept of my invention is broadly directed to the application of a layer of substantially any type of material to the surface of a continuously passing wet web. For instance, the material passed to box 22 may comprise a coating material comprising the usual mineral. coating substances in an aqueous carrier. This material may be carried to the surface of roll 9 and may be carried in a more or less thin film to the surface of the web carried upon wire 5 which inA this instance may comprise any type of fibres. In this manner the coating substance may be uniformly applied to the surface of the web. When utilizing a coating material, the mesh of the screen on roll 9 is suiliciently fine, 40 to 60 mesh, taken in conjunction with the viscosity of the coating substance that no material quantities thereof will pass therethrough.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a process wherein a pulp comprising,

Alower relatively thick layer of kapok fibers and an upper relatively thin layer of said other fibers, the improvement which comprises, depositing a fibrous pulp comprising bers having characteristics of felting into a relatively strong structure upon a rotating foraminated surface to form a mat upon said surface, and bonding said mat upon the upper surface of said first mentioned kapok iber mat under substantially constant pressure, said pressure being self-variable in direct relation to the variations in the aggregate thickness of said composite mat.

2. A process of forming a composite mat having a central relatively thick layer of kapok bres and an upper and lower relatively thin layer nf ing foraminated surface to form a mat upon said surface, and bonding said mat upon the upper surface of the forwardly passing web under substantially constant pressure, said pressure being self-variable in direct relation to the variations 5 in the thickness of the forwardly passing web.

WILLIAM c. NAsrL 

